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Glucose oxidase-instructed biomineralization of calcium-based biomaterials for biomedical applications
Lian-Hua Fu1, Chao Qi1, Tuanwei Sun1
1Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer Center, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Medical School Shenzhen University Shenzhen China.
Abstract:
In recent years, glucose oxidase (GOx) has aroused great research interest in the treatment of diseases related to abnormal glucose metabolisms like cancer and diabetes. However, as a kind of endogenous oxido-reductase, GOx suffers from poor stability and system toxicity in vivo. In order to overcome this bottleneck, GOx is encapsulated in calcium-based biomaterials (CaXs) such as calcium phosphate (CaP) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) by using it as a biotemplate to simulate the natural biomineralization process. The biomineralized GOx holds improved stability and reduced side effects, due to the excellent bioactivity, biocompatibitliy, and biodegradability of CaXs. In this review, the state-of-the-art studies on GOx-mineralized CaXs are introduced with an emphasis on their application in various biomedical fields including disease diagnosis, cancer treatment, and diabetes management. The current challenges and future perspectives of GOx-mineralized CaXs are discussed, which is expected to promote further studies on these smart GOx-mineralized CaXs biomaterials for practical applications.
Insights
Researchers developed stable glucose oxidase (GOx) biomaterials using calcium-based materials (CaXs). This innovation improves GOx stability and reduces side effects for treating diabetes and cancer.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Biomedical Engineering
- Enzyme Engineering
Background:
- Glucose oxidase (GOx) shows promise for metabolic diseases like cancer and diabetes.
- Native GOx exhibits poor in vivo stability and potential toxicity, limiting its therapeutic use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in mineralizing GOx within calcium-based biomaterials (CaXs).
- To highlight the applications of these GOx-mineralized CaXs in disease diagnosis, cancer therapy, and diabetes management.
- To discuss challenges and future directions for GOx-mineralized CaXs.
Main Methods:
- Simulating biomineralization processes using GOx as a biotemplate.
- Encapsulating GOx within calcium phosphate (CaP) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) biomaterials.
- Reviewing literature on the properties and applications of biomineralized GOx.
Main Results:
- Biomineralized GOx within CaXs demonstrates enhanced stability compared to free GOx.
- CaXs offer improved biocompatibility and biodegradability, reducing systemic toxicity.
- GOx-mineralized CaXs show potential in disease diagnosis, cancer treatment, and diabetes management.
Conclusions:
- GOx encapsulation in CaXs via biomineralization is a promising strategy to overcome native GOx limitations.
- These smart biomaterials offer improved therapeutic efficacy and safety profiles.
- Further research into GOx-mineralized CaXs is crucial for clinical translation.
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