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Intimate Partner Violence Against Women Before, During, and After Pregnancy: A Meta-Analysis
Xiao-Yan Chen1, Camilla Kin Ming Lo1, Qiqi Chen1
1The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
Trauma, Violence & Abuse
|January 24, 2024
Summary
Intimate partner violence (IPV) risk decreases during pregnancy but persists long-term. This study found IPV prevalence was 12.8% during pregnancy, rising significantly after childbirth, highlighting the need for continued support for pregnant and postpartum women.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Reproductive Health
- Sociology
Background:
- Intimate partner violence (IPV) poses significant risks to maternal and infant health.
- Existing research on IPV during pregnancy yields inconsistent findings regarding risk changes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically evaluate the prevalence of IPV before, during, and after pregnancy.
- To determine if pregnancy alters the risk of experiencing IPV.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies.
- Nineteen studies were meta-analyzed to calculate pooled IPV prevalence rates across different periods.
- Moderator analyses examined factors influencing IPV prevalence, such as country income levels and regions.
Main Results:
- Pooled IPV prevalence was 21.2% before pregnancy, 12.8% during pregnancy, and 14.7% within the first year after childbirth.
- IPV prevalence increased to 24.0% beyond the first year postpartum.
- Prevalence rates varied significantly based on country income levels and geographic regions.
Conclusions:
- Pregnancy does not eliminate the risk of IPV; violence often persists and can increase postpartum.
- The reduction in IPV during pregnancy does not appear to be sustained long-term.
- Further research is needed to explore potential transitions to less overt forms of violence during pregnancy.
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