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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...

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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Using Insect Electroantennogram Sensors on Autonomous Robots for Olfactory Searches

Using Insect Electroantennogram Sensors on Autonomous Robots for Olfactory Searches

Published on: August 4, 2014

Augmenting insect olfaction performance through nano-neuromodulation.

Prashant Gupta¹, Rishabh Chandak², Avishek Debnath¹

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.

Nature Nanotechnology

|January 25, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers enhanced insect olfactory sensors using nanotechnology and neuromodulation. This novel approach improves odour identification by boosting neural signal read-out from the insect

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Electroantennography-based Bio-hybrid Odor-detecting Drone using Silkmoth Antennae for Odor Source Localization

Electroantennography-based Bio-hybrid Odor-detecting Drone using Silkmoth Antennae for Odor Source Localization

Published on: August 27, 2021

Area of Science:

Bio-inspired sensing technologies
Nanotechnology applications in biosensing
Neuroscience and sensor integration

Background:

Biological olfactory systems offer superior sensitivity and selectivity compared to engineered chemical sensors.
Current methods for reading neural signals from biological sensors are limited by electrode placement and quantity.
There is a need for improved neural information read-out strategies to leverage biological sensing capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a nano-enabled neuromodulation strategy to enhance neural information read-out from insect olfactory sensors.
To overcome the limitations of current electrode-based read-out methods.
To improve the performance of insect olfaction-based chemical sensors, specifically in odour identification.

Main Methods:

Utilizing the photothermal properties of nanostructures for targeted neuromodulation.
Releasing a specific neuromodulator on demand to modulate neural activity.
Augmenting insect olfactory systems with nano-enabled strategies for enhanced signal detection.

Main Results:

Demonstrated enhancement of odour-evoked neural responses in targeted regions of the insect olfactory system.
Showcased significant improvement in odour identification capabilities of the augmented sensor.
Validated the efficacy of the nano-enabled neuromodulation approach in improving sensor performance.

Conclusions:

Nano-enabled neuromodulation is a viable strategy to overcome suboptimality in neural information read-out.
This approach can significantly enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of insect olfactory sensors.
The developed technology holds promise for advancing the field of bio-hybrid chemical sensing.