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Genetic evidence on the causality between gut microbiota and various asthma phenotypes: a two-sample Mendelian
Zi-Xuan Cheng1, Yi-Xing Wu1, Zhi-Jun Jie2
1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
|January 26, 2024
Summary
Gut bacteria influence asthma development. This study found causal links between specific gut microbes and asthma, including allergic and obesity-related types, highlighting the gut microbiome
Area of Science:
- Microbiome Research
- Genetic Epidemiology
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Asthma is a complex respiratory disease with diverse clinical presentations (phenotypes).
- The gut microbiota, a key environmental factor, is increasingly implicated in asthma pathogenesis.
- Understanding the causal links between gut microbes and specific asthma phenotypes is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the causal relationships between gut microbial composition and distinct asthma phenotypes.
- To identify specific bacterial taxa associated with increased risk for various asthma types.
Main Methods:
- Utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for 211 gut microbial taxa as exposures.
- Included five asthma phenotypes: general asthma, allergic asthma, childhood asthma, eosinophilic asthma, and obesity-related asthma as outcomes.
- Employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and sensitivity analyses to infer causality.
Main Results:
- Identified 58 potential causal associations between gut microbiota and asthma phenotypes.
- Four associations remained significant after multiple testing correction.
- Specific genera (Holdemanella, Oxalobacter, Butyricimonas) and an order (NB1n) were causally linked to increased asthma risk, including obesity-related asthma.
Conclusions:
- Provided genetic evidence for causal links between the gut microbiota and distinct asthma phenotypes.
- Suggests that specific bacterial taxa may contribute to the development of particular asthma subtypes.
- Further research is warranted to validate and explore these identified causal relationships.
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