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Experience from an immunohematology reference testing center.

Ankit Mathur1, Nippun Prinja2, A Srivalli1

  • 1Rotary TTK Blood Center, Bangalore Medical Services Trust, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Asian Journal of Transfusion Science
|January 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reference Testing Centers (RTC) in India address immunohematology challenges, analyzing 1456 discrepant samples over six years. Findings support establishing more RTCs to improve blood safety and patient care across the subcontinent.

Keywords:
Immunohematologyreference testing centertransfusion

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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Immunohematology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Indian blood centers often lack the infrastructure for complex immunohematology testing.
  • Financial and technical limitations hinder comprehensive immunohematology workups in smaller, remote blood centers.
  • The establishment of Reference Testing Centers (RTCs) aims to bridge this gap.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To share the six-year experience of an established Reference Testing Center (RTC) in South India.
  • To provide data supporting the establishment of more RTCs throughout the Indian subcontinent.
  • To highlight the critical role of RTCs in resolving immunohematological discrepancies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1456 discrepant blood samples received from various hospitals over a six-year period (2014-2020).
  • Categorization of sample requisitions based on age demographics and testing requirements.
  • Detailed investigation of immunohematological problems including antibody identification, blood group discrepancy resolution, Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT) investigation, red cell phenotyping, and prenatal evaluations.

Main Results:

  • Antibody identification (75%) and blood group discrepancy resolution were the most frequent reasons for sample referral.
  • Single alloantibodies were identified in 773 cases, and multiple alloantibodies in 118 cases, with Anti-D and Anti-D+C being most common.
  • Weak D subgroup represented the most frequent blood group discrepancy; rare blood types like Bombay and para-Bombay were also investigated.

Conclusions:

  • RTCs are essential for managing complex immunohematological issues in resource-limited settings.
  • The data underscore the need for a decentralized network of RTCs to enhance blood transfusion services in India.
  • Continued establishment and support of RTCs are crucial for improving patient safety and transfusion outcomes.