Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Layers of the Heart Wall01:15

Layers of the Heart Wall

2.5K
The heart wall comprises three distinct layers: the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. The outermost layer, the epicardium, is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium, featuring a thin, transparent mesothelial surface and an inner layer of areolar connective tissue with fat deposits that increase with age.
The myocardium, the thickest layer, consists of cardiac muscle cells interconnected by intercalated discs and crisscrossing connective tissue fibers. These muscle fibers contract...
2.5K
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

1.4K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
1.4K
Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

921
Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
921
Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

663
Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
663
Structure of Cardiac Muscles01:13

Structure of Cardiac Muscles

11.1K
Cardiac muscle, or myocardium, is a specialized type of muscle found exclusively in the heart. Its unique structural and functional characteristics enable the heart to perform its vital role of pumping blood throughout the body continuously and rhythmically. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, possess an endomysium and perimysium but do not have an epimysium.
Compared to skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle cells are small and mostly have a single nucleus. Additionally, they are usually...
11.1K
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

1.4K
Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prolonged 3D culture unlocks black box of primate embryogenesis.

Cell stem cell·2023
Same author

RETN gene polymorphisms interact with alcohol dependence in association with depression.

Journal of clinical laboratory analysis·2023
Same author

Vaccination prevents severe COVID-19 outcome in patients with neutralizing type 1 interferon autoantibodies.

iScience·2023
Same author

Visualization of a gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma using a novel peroral cholangioscope.

Endoscopy·2023
Same author

Comparative efficacy of novel-drugs combined therapeutic regimens on relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: a network meta-analysis.

Hematology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2023
Same author

SIRT3 Activator Honokiol Inhibits Th17 Cell Differentiation and Alleviates Colitis.

Inflammatory bowel diseases·2023
Same journal

Primary Care at the Center of America's Mental Health Landscape.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

We Care, and We Will Listen.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

Addressing Sexual Health in Primary Care.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

Diagnosis and Management of Eating Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

Management of Concomitant Mental Health Conditions in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

Nonpharmacologic Management of Insomnia Disorder in Primary Care.

Primary care·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model
07:15

An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model

Published on: September 2, 2021

2.5K

Myocarditis and Pericarditis.

Philip Hunter Spotts1, Fan Zhou1

  • 1Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Duke Student Health, Duke University, 305 Towerview Road, Second Floor, Durham, NC 27708, USA.

Primary Care
|January 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pericarditis and myocarditis are rare after COVID-19 vaccination, with infection posing a significantly higher risk. Vaccination is recommended for individuals aged 6 and older to prevent severe outcomes.

Keywords:
COVID-19 vaccinesCardiac tamponadeMyocarditisPericarditisVaccines

More Related Videos

Flow Cytometry-Based Quantification and Analysis of Myocardial B-Cells
12:46

Flow Cytometry-Based Quantification and Analysis of Myocardial B-Cells

Published on: August 17, 2022

2.5K
Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients
09:16

Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients

Published on: February 28, 2018

7.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2025

An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model
07:15

An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model

Published on: September 2, 2021

2.5K
Flow Cytometry-Based Quantification and Analysis of Myocardial B-Cells
12:46

Flow Cytometry-Based Quantification and Analysis of Myocardial B-Cells

Published on: August 17, 2022

2.5K
Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients
09:16

Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients

Published on: February 28, 2018

7.7K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Pericarditis and myocarditis are inflammatory heart conditions with diverse causes.
  • While rare, these conditions have been associated with vaccines, including COVID-19 mRNA vaccines.
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection presents a substantially higher risk for these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the incidence and risk of pericarditis and myocarditis in relation to COVID-19 vaccination and infection.
  • To inform public health recommendations regarding COVID-19 vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of reported cases of pericarditis and myocarditis post-vaccination.
  • Comparative risk assessment between vaccine-associated and infection-associated myocarditis/pericarditis.

Main Results:

  • A small increase in pericarditis and myocarditis incidence has been observed following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination.
  • The relative risk of developing pericarditis or myocarditis from SARS-CoV-2 infection is significantly greater than from vaccination.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 vaccination remains recommended for individuals aged 6 and older due to the higher risks associated with infection.
  • Ongoing surveillance for vaccine-associated pericarditis and myocarditis is important, but does not outweigh the benefits of vaccination.