Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

1.6K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.6K
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

381
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
381
Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers

340
β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation,...
340
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

431
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
431
Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

588
Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
588
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

1.4K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Perspective: The Tailgate Medicine Model: A Proposed Integrative Method of Care Delivery for Rural Populations.

Health science reports·2026
Same author

Medic Training at Military-Civilian Partnerships-A Narrative Review.

Military medicine·2026
Same author

Distribution, quality assessment and historical variation of trace metals in sediments from Deering Bay waterways (South Florida).

Marine pollution bulletin·2025
Same author

Vascular limitations in blood pressure regulation with age in women: Insights from exercise and acute cardioselective β-blockade.

Experimental physiology·2024
Same author

How to design and implement a Group Poem activity.

International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, England)·2024
Same author

Learning Curve in Robotic Stereoelectroencephalography: Single Platform Experience.

World neurosurgery·2023
Same journal

Primary Care at the Center of America's Mental Health Landscape.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

We Care, and We Will Listen.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

Addressing Sexual Health in Primary Care.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

Diagnosis and Management of Eating Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

Management of Concomitant Mental Health Conditions in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment.

Primary care·2026
Same journal

Nonpharmacologic Management of Insomnia Disorder in Primary Care.

Primary care·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

6.5K

An Update on Heart Failure: New Definitions and Treatment.

Jason Fragin1, Mark Stephens2

  • 1Penn State University COM, 303 Benner Pike, Suite 1, State College, PA 16801, USA.

Primary Care
|January 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Heart failure management involves staging based on symptoms and ejection fraction. Treatment aims to slow disease progression and reduce complications, hospitalizations, and deaths.

Keywords:
Definitions of heart failureHeart failure therapeutic interventionsHeart failure with preserved ejection fractionHeart failure with reduced ejection fraction

More Related Videos

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs
07:09

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

Published on: February 18, 2022

1.9K
Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs
14:35

Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs

Published on: April 17, 2021

8.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

6.5K
A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs
07:09

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

Published on: February 18, 2022

1.9K
Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs
14:35

Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs

Published on: April 17, 2021

8.5K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome.
  • HF is characterized by a continuum of symptoms, from early stages in at-risk individuals to advanced, refractory disease.
  • Management strategies are evolving to address this spectrum of illness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the staging system for heart failure.
  • To describe the principles of optimal treatment initiation based on ejection fraction.
  • To emphasize the goals of therapy in managing heart failure progression and complications.

Main Methods:

  • The study defines heart failure stages based on symptom severity.
  • Treatment strategies are tailored according to individual ejection fraction measurements.
  • Therapeutic interventions are selected to mitigate adverse outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Staging provides a framework for understanding heart failure severity.
  • Ejection fraction is a key determinant in guiding therapeutic choices.
  • Optimal treatment reduces the risk of heart failure progression.

Conclusions:

  • A staged approach to heart failure management is essential.
  • Personalized therapy based on ejection fraction improves patient outcomes.
  • Effective management reduces complications, mortality, and hospital admissions in heart failure patients.