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Chronic diseases: Origin and cell mechanisms involved
David Hernán Martínez-Puente1, Carlos Saúl Rodríguez-Roque2, Laura Mireya Flores-Zavala3
1Departamento de Histología, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José́ Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, México. bio.martinez@hotmail.com.
Cellular and Molecular Biology (Noisy-Le-Grand, France)
|January 27, 2024
Summary
Chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer, stem from lifestyle and environmental factors that trigger cellular stress mechanisms. Persistent cellular damage from these factors leads to disease progression and complications.
Area of Science:
- Cellular Biology
- Pathophysiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Chronic diseases represent a significant global health burden, driven by societal factors and unhealthy lifestyle choices.
- Cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, and diabetes are leading causes of mortality worldwide.
- Environmental exposures and genetic predispositions contribute to chronic disease development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the principal cellular mechanisms underlying chronic disease development.
- To explore the role of persistent cellular stress in disease pathogenesis.
- To provide insights into the link between environmental factors and cellular dysfunction.
Main Methods:
- Review of cellular mechanisms activated by environmental and lifestyle factors.
- Analysis of cellular stress pathways including DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
- Examination of the transition from acute cellular responses to chronic damage.
Main Results:
- Chronic diseases arise from sustained activation of cellular stress responses like oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
- Cellular damage, depending on exposure, can become permanent, leading to tissue and organ degeneration.
- While treatments manage chronic diseases, they do not offer complete cures, resulting in long-term complications.
Conclusions:
- Persistent cellular stress is a key driver in the pathogenesis of major chronic diseases.
- Understanding these cellular mechanisms is crucial for developing effective disease management strategies.
- The interplay between environmental factors, lifestyle, and cellular stress dictates disease outcomes and progression.
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