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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Porcine Corneal Tissue Explant to Study the Efficacy of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Antivirals
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Herpes zoster ophthalmicus.

Jasmina Kovacevic1, Arthur Mark Samia2, Ankit Shah3

  • 1University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

Clinics in Dermatology
|January 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) is an ophthalmic emergency caused by varicella zoster virus reactivation. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent vision loss and chronic pain in affected patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Virology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) results from the reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus within the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (CNV1).
  • This condition predominantly impacts elderly individuals and those with compromised immune systems.
  • HZO is recognized as an ophthalmic emergency due to its potential for severe ocular complications, including persistent pain and irreversible vision impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical nature of Herpes zoster ophthalmicus as an ophthalmic emergency.
  • To emphasize the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment in mitigating ocular morbidity associated with HZO.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis of HZO is typically based on clinical presentation.
  • Characteristic unilateral vesicular eruptions within the CNV1 dermatomes are key diagnostic indicators.

Main Results:

  • Ocular involvement occurs in approximately 50% of patients diagnosed with HZO.
  • Delayed treatment can lead to severe chronic pain and significant vision loss.

Conclusions:

  • Herpes zoster ophthalmicus necessitates prompt medical attention to avert serious ocular sequelae.
  • Clinical vigilance for characteristic dermatomal eruptions is essential for early HZO detection and management.