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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
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Therapeutic potential of oncolytic viruses in the era of precision oncology

Monchupa Kingsak1, Thongpon Meethong1, Jinnawat Jongkhumkrong1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.

Biomaterials Translational
|January 29, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy offers a targeted cancer treatment that spares healthy tissues and boosts immune responses. Genetically engineered OVs and advanced delivery platforms enhance efficacy and safety in clinical trials.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Immunotherapy

Background:

  • Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is an emerging cancer treatment strategy.
  • OVs selectively infect and destroy cancer cells while sparing healthy tissues.
  • OVs stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses, leading to long-term anti-tumor immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • This review discusses the mechanisms, rational design, and clinical applications of OVs.
  • It highlights the role of genetically engineered OVs in enhancing anti-tumor immunity, safety, and efficacy.
  • The review also explores the development of targeted delivery platforms for OVs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on oncolytic virus therapy.
  • Analysis of preclinical and clinical trial data for various OVs.
  • Examination of different carrier platforms for targeted OV delivery, including polymers, liposomes, hydrogels, and cell carriers.

Main Results:

  • Oncolytic viruses demonstrate direct tumor lysis and potent immune stimulation.
  • Genetically engineered OVs show improved safety, efficacy, and targeted delivery capabilities.
  • Various carrier platforms are crucial for enhancing the targeted delivery and therapeutic potential of OVs.

Conclusions:

  • Oncolytic virus therapy represents a promising, tissue-sparing approach to cancer treatment.
  • Genetic engineering and advanced delivery systems are key to optimizing OV efficacy and safety.
  • Further research and clinical trials are essential to fully realize the potential of OVs in cancer care.
Keywords:
anti-cancerapplicationsdelivery platformgenetic modificationmechanismoncolytic virus

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