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Updated: Jul 4, 2025
10:07
Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes
Published on: February 22, 2014
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The tRNA thiolation-mediated translational control is essential for plant immunity
Xueao Zheng1,2,3,4,5,6, Hanchen Chen1,3,4,5,6, Zhiping Deng7
1Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China.
Elife
|January 29, 2024
Summary
Transfer RNA (tRNA) thiolation is essential for plant immunity against pathogens like Pseudomonas syringae. This process impacts gene expression and salicylic acid signaling, crucial for plant defense responses.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Plants possess complex gene expression regulation for immune responses against pathogens.
- The role of the translation system, specifically transfer RNA (tRNA) modification, in plant immunity remains largely unexplored.
- tRNA thiolation is a conserved modification critical for efficient translation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of tRNA thiolation in plant immunity.
- To identify genetic components involved in tRNA thiolation and their impact on plant defense.
Main Methods:
- Identification and analysis of a hyper-susceptible mutant (cgb) in Arabidopsis.
- Characterization of CGB (ROL5) and its interaction with CTU2, key players in tRNA thiolation.
- Assessment of transcriptome and proteome changes in the cgb mutant during immune responses.
- Evaluation of salicylic acid signaling pathway components, including NPR1 translation.
Main Results:
- The cgb mutant, lacking functional ROL5, exhibits hyper-susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae.
- ROL5 and CTU2 are essential for tRNA thiolation in Arabidopsis.
- Loss of tRNA thiolation in cgb compromises both transcriptome and proteome reprogramming during immune activation.
- Translation of the salicylic acid receptor NPR1 is reduced in cgb, leading to impaired salicylic acid signaling.
Conclusions:
- tRNA thiolation is a critical regulatory mechanism for plant immunity.
- The study uncovers a novel biological function for tRNA thiolation beyond its role in translation efficiency.
- Disruption of tRNA thiolation pathways significantly impacts plant defense signaling and pathogen resistance.
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