Total variation denoising-based method of identifying the states of single molecules in break junction data

Break junction (BJ) measurements provide insights into the electrical properties of diverse molecules, enabling the direct assessment of single-molecule conductances. The BJ method displays potential for use in determining the dynamics of individual molecules, single-molecule chemical reactions, and biomolecules, such as deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid. However, conductance data obtained via single-molecule measurements may be susceptible to fluctuations due to minute structural changes within the junctions. Consequently, clearly identifying the conduction states of these molecules is challenging. This study aims to develop a method of precisely identifying conduction state traces. We propose a novel single-molecule analysis approach that employs total variation denoising (TVD) in signal processing, focusing on the integration of information technology with measured single-molecule data. We successfully applied this method to simulated conductance traces, effectively denoise the data, and elucidate multiple conduction states. The proposed method facilitates the identification of well-defined plateau lengths and supervised machine learning with enhanced accuracies. The introduced TVD-based analytical method is effective in elucidating the states within the measured single-molecule data. This approach exhibits the potential to offer novel perspectives regarding the formation of molecular junctions, conformational changes, and cleavage.