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Related Concept Videos

The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...

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Coordinate Mapping of Hyolaryngeal Mechanics in Swallowing
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Hyoid bone morphology in patients with isolated robin sequence - A case-control study utilizing 3D morphable models.

C P O M Van Den Berg1, K El Ghoul1, E O'Sullivan2

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Bone Reports
|January 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children with Robin sequence (RS) have distinct hyoid bone abnormalities, including reduced volume and wider greater horns. These findings, identified using 3D models, highlight key morphological differences in RS patients.

Keywords:
Geometric morphometricsHyoid boneOropharyngeal impairmentRobin sequenceShape analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Hyoid bone abnormalities can impair oropharyngeal functions like feeding, swallowing, and breathing.
  • Limited research exists on hyoid bone anatomical abnormalities in Robin sequence (RS).
  • Previous observations suggest a less mineralized and voluminous hyoid in RS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare normal hyoid bone morphology with that of children diagnosed with isolated Robin sequence.
  • To quantitatively characterize hyoid bone shape differences between RS patients and controls.

Main Methods:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of hyoid bones were generated from CT scans of children with RS and unaffected controls.
  • A 3D morphable model of hyoid bone shape was created using Principal Component Analysis (PCA).
  • Partial least squares - Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and MANOVA were employed to analyze and compare hyoid shape variations.

Main Results:

  • The study analyzed 23 children with RS and 46 age-matched controls.
  • Hyoid bones in the RS group were less voluminous with greater lateral divergence of the greater horns compared to controls (MANOVA, p<0.001).
  • A significant correlation was found between the first shape variable from the PLS-DA model and observed variance between groups (Spearman R=-0.56, p<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • 3D morphable models offer a detailed, quantitative description of normal hyoid bone morphology.
  • These models effectively detect significant morphological differences in hyoid bones between patients with isolated RS and control subjects.
  • The findings underscore distinct hyoid bone variations associated with Robin sequence.