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Enhanced source memory for emotionally valenced sources: does an affective orienting task make the difference?

Nikoletta Symeonidou1, Beatrice G Kuhlmann1

  • 1Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.

Cognition & Emotion
|January 31, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emotional valence enhances source memory, but only when affective processing is involved during encoding. Non-affective tasks do not show this source-valence effect, suggesting affective engagement is key for memory benefits.

Keywords:
Source memoryemotion-enhanced memorymultinomial modellingorienting task

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Previous studies on emotional valence and source memory have produced conflicting results.
  • Understanding the conditions influencing source memory for emotional information is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether encoding instructions influence source-valence effects in memory.
  • To determine if affective versus non-affective processing modulates source memory for emotional stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted using neutral words as items and emotional/neutral pictures as sources.
  • Source memory was assessed using multinomial modeling under various encoding conditions (affective, non-affective, intentional).
  • Encoding tasks included pleasantness ratings, item-source fit judgments, and item-focused judgments.

Main Results:

  • Affective orienting tasks enhanced source memory for emotionally valenced (positive/negative) sources compared to neutral sources.
  • Non-affective encoding conditions (item-source fit, item focus, item-only) did not yield significant source-valence effects.
  • Intentional encoding showed a trend towards better memory for positive than negative sources.

Conclusions:

  • Source-valence effects in memory appear to be contingent on affective processing during encoding.
  • Affective engagement is a critical factor for observing enhanced source memory for emotional stimuli.
  • Non-affective encoding strategies do not benefit from emotional valence in source memory recall.