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The relationship between performance validity testing, external incentives, and cognitive functioning in long COVID.

Douglas M Whiteside1, Michael R Basso2, Chen Shen1

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
|February 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Performance validity tests (PVTs) are crucial for Long COVID evaluations. Failures, linked to external incentives, indicate poorer cognitive performance, necessitating routine PVT use in this population.

Keywords:
COVID-19Performance validity testsexternal incentivenoncredible performancepsychological assessment

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Long COVID Research

Background:

  • Performance validity tests (PVTs) detect response bias in clinical evaluations.
  • PVT failures are more common with external incentives.
  • Limited research exists on PVTs in the Long COVID population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate PVT failures in individuals with Long COVID.
  • To examine the relationship between PVT performance and external incentives in this cohort.
  • To assess the cognitive impact of PVT failures in Long COVID.

Main Methods:

  • 247 Long COVID patients undergoing neuropsychological evaluation were studied.
  • Four PVTs and a standardized neuropsychological battery were administered.
  • External incentives were identified from medical records; participants were grouped by PVT failure (Pass, Intermediate, Fail).

Main Results:

  • 8.9% of participants failed 2+ PVTs, 6.4% failed one PVT.
  • Over 25% had external incentives, significantly higher in the Fail group (54.5%).
  • The Fail group exhibited lower cognitive scores and more impaired performance ranges.

Conclusions:

  • Long COVID patients are susceptible to PVT failures, associated with external incentives.
  • PVT failure correlates with significantly poorer cognitive performance.
  • Routine PVT administration is recommended for Long COVID evaluations and research.