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The relationship between performance validity testing, external incentives, and cognitive functioning in long COVID
Douglas M Whiteside1, Michael R Basso2, Chen Shen1
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
|February 1, 2024
Summary
Performance validity tests (PVTs) are crucial for Long COVID evaluations. Failures, linked to external incentives, indicate poorer cognitive performance, necessitating routine PVT use in this population.
Area of Science:
- Neuropsychology
- Clinical Psychology
- Long COVID Research
Background:
- Performance validity tests (PVTs) detect response bias in clinical evaluations.
- PVT failures are more common with external incentives.
- Limited research exists on PVTs in the Long COVID population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate PVT failures in individuals with Long COVID.
- To examine the relationship between PVT performance and external incentives in this cohort.
- To assess the cognitive impact of PVT failures in Long COVID.
Main Methods:
- 247 Long COVID patients undergoing neuropsychological evaluation were studied.
- Four PVTs and a standardized neuropsychological battery were administered.
- External incentives were identified from medical records; participants were grouped by PVT failure (Pass, Intermediate, Fail).
Main Results:
- 8.9% of participants failed 2+ PVTs, 6.4% failed one PVT.
- Over 25% had external incentives, significantly higher in the Fail group (54.5%).
- The Fail group exhibited lower cognitive scores and more impaired performance ranges.
Conclusions:
- Long COVID patients are susceptible to PVT failures, associated with external incentives.
- PVT failure correlates with significantly poorer cognitive performance.
- Routine PVT administration is recommended for Long COVID evaluations and research.
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