Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Donor Posterior Atrial Flap Rotation for Left Atrial Cuff Reconstruction in Lung Transplantation
Published on: October 11, 2024
The diagnosis and management of chronic lung allograft dysfunction
Geert M Verleden1, Jeroen M H Hendriks2,3, Stijn E Verleden1,2,3
1Department of Pneumology.
Purpose Of Review:
Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) remains a life-threatening complication following lung transplantation. Different CLAD phenotypes have recently been defined, based on the combination of pulmonary function testing and chest computed tomography (CT) scanning and spurred renewed interests in differential diagnosis, risk factors and management of CLAD.
Recent Findings:
Given their crucial importance in the differential diagnosis, we will discuss the latest development in assessing the pulmonary function and chest CT scan, but also their limitations in proper CLAD phenotyping, especially with regards to patients with baseline allograft dysfunction. Since no definitive treatment exists, it remains important to timely identify clinical risk factors, but also to assess the presence of specific patterns or biomarkers in tissue or in broncho alveolar lavage in relation to CLAD (phenotypes). We will provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in risk factors and biomarker research in CLAD. Lastly, we will also review novel preventive and curative treatment strategies for CLAD.
Summary:
Although this knowledge has significantly advanced the field of lung transplantation, more research is warranted because CLAD remains a life-threatening complication for all lung transplant recipients.
Related Concept Videos
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management
Smoking Cessation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction
COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies
Medical History
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:

