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Collusion risk in corporate networks.

Isabela Villamil1, János Kertész2,3, Mihály Fazekas2

  • 1Central European University, Wien, 1100, Austria. villamil_isabela@phd.ceu.edu.

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Economic operator collusion, marked by single bidding and missing bidders, is more frequent in markets with strong ownership links. Firms central in ownership networks have higher contract win probabilities, suggesting collusion risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Economics
  • Network Science
  • Industrial Organization

Background:

  • Collusion among economic operators negatively impacts markets by increasing prices, reducing quality, and stifling innovation.
  • Structural links, particularly ownership ties, can facilitate collusion by influencing firms' competitive behavior.
  • Procurement markets are susceptible to collusion, necessitating methods to identify and mitigate such risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between ownership structures and bidding behavior in public procurement markets.
  • To identify network measures that can signal the risk of collusion.
  • To analyze how ownership networks influence firms' participation and success in bidding.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of temporal multiplex networks incorporating firms' ownership and co-bidding relationships.
  • Application of market-level network measures (density, average harmonic closeness centrality) and firm-level measures (degree centrality, harmonic closeness centrality).
  • Empirical analysis of public procurement contract data from Sweden (2010-2015).

Main Results:

  • Markets with denser ownership links exhibit a higher incidence of single bidding and missing bidders, indicative of potential collusion.
  • Firms with higher centrality in the ownership network demonstrate a greater probability of winning contracts.
  • Stronger ownership network connections correlate with a more influential position in co-bidding networks.

Conclusions:

  • Ownership structures play a significant role in facilitating or indicating collusive practices in procurement markets.
  • Network analysis provides valuable tools for detecting collusion risk associated with structural economic ties.
  • Understanding these network dynamics is crucial for designing effective competition policies in public procurement.