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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

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The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
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Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

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After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
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Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

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Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
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Antibody Actions01:26

Antibody Actions

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Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
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Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

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Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
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Conjugated Proteins02:50

Conjugated Proteins

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Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
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Updated: Jul 4, 2025

High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment
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High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment

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Complement C7 and clusterin form a complex in circulation.

Mariam Massri1, Erik J M Toonen2, Bettina Sarg3

  • 1Institute of Hygiene & Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Frontiers in Immunology
|February 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a new complex between complement protein C7 and clusterin in human blood. This finding suggests C7 has roles beyond its known function in the membrane attack complex, opening new avenues for complement system research.

Keywords:
circulationclusterincomplementcomplement C7complex

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Complement System
  • Protein Interactions

Background:

  • The complement system is crucial for innate immunity, host defense, and homeostasis.
  • The membrane attack complex (MAC), formed by complement proteins, lyses pathogens.
  • Complement protein C7 is essential for MAC assembly, but its inherent characteristics are understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the inherent molecular characteristics and protein-protein interactions of C7.
  • To explore potential novel functions of C7 beyond its role in MAC formation.

Main Methods:

  • Serum-purified C7 was analyzed using proteolytic methods, including Western blot and mass spectrometry.
  • Protein-protein interactions were studied via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and size-exclusion chromatography.
  • The presence of identified complexes was confirmed in healthy human serum and plasma donors.

Main Results:

  • An association was identified between C7 and clusterin, a known complement regulator.
  • A stable C7-clusterin (C7-CLU) complex was detected in purified C7, purified clusterin, and circulation.
  • Clusterin was shown to bind to the native form of C7 in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • C7 exhibits characteristics and interactions beyond its established role in MAC assembly.
  • The C7-CLU complex exists in circulation, suggesting a potential in vivo function.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the effector role of the C7-CLU complex in the complement cascade.