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Related Concept Videos

Accessory Glands of the Male Reproductive System01:16

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The accessory ducts involved in sperm maturation and transportation include the epididymides, vasa deferentia, ejaculatory ducts, and urethra. These ducts play a critical role in the maturation, storage, and transportation of sperm from the testes to the urethra, where it is then released during ejaculation.
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Development of the reproductive organs in an embryo starts from a bipotential state. This means the early embryo can develop either male or female reproductive organs. The formation of these organs begins with the growth of gonadal ridges that arise from the intermediate mesoderm during the fifth week of development.
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The male reproductive system is a complex network of organs and tissues that work together to produce and transport sperm. The epididymis, vasa deferens, ejaculatory ducts, and urethra are the accessory ducts involved in sperm maturation and transportation. These ducts play a critical role in the production and transportation of sperm from the testes to the urethra, where it is then released during ejaculation.
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Folliculogenesis is the development of ovarian follicles, the specialized structures within the ovarian cortex where oogenesis, or egg development, occurs. This process is essential for female reproductive health and begins during fetal development when primordial follicles are formed. Each primordial follicle comprises a primary oocyte in the center, surrounded by a single layer of squamous pre-granulosa cells. These follicles remain dormant in late prophase I of meiosis until triggered by...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Generation of Porcine Testicular Organoids with Testis Specific Architecture using Microwell Culture
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Development of Porcine Accessory Sex Glands.

Trish Berger1, Valerie Guerrero1, Rosalina Boeldt1

  • 1Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|February 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Inhibition of estrogen production in neonatal pigs stimulates accessory sex gland growth, primarily affecting seminal vesicles and prostate. This effect is transient, with gland weights normalizing later in development.

Keywords:
GPERbulbourethral glandsestrogen receptorprostateseminal vesicles

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Developmental biology

Background:

  • Accessory sex glands are crucial for reproductive success in livestock.
  • Endogenous steroids significantly influence the development of these glands, particularly during the neonatal period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of endogenous estrogen on the development of porcine accessory sex glands.
  • To elucidate the specific estrogen receptor pathways involved in mediating this effect.

Main Methods:

  • Neonatal boars were treated with letrozole to inhibit estrogen production.
  • Accessory sex gland weights were measured at various ages (6.5, 20, and 40 weeks).
  • Receptor blockade experiments using fulvestrant (estrogen receptor) and flutamide (androgen receptor) were conducted.

Main Results:

  • Inhibition of estrogen synthesis via letrozole significantly increased accessory sex gland weights (seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands) by 6.5 weeks of age.
  • This growth stimulation was transient, with gland weights normalizing by 20 and 40 weeks.
  • Endogenous estrogens appear to inhibit accessory sex gland development via the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor, not classical nuclear estrogen receptors or androgen receptors.

Conclusions:

  • Endogenous estrogens play an inhibitory role in the neonatal development of porcine accessory sex glands.
  • The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor is the primary mediator of this estrogenic inhibition during the neonatal to early juvenile interval.
  • These findings have implications for understanding reproductive health and disease in livestock.