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A Novel Sparse Array Configuration for Direction of Arrival Estimation with Increased Uniform Degrees of Freedom and
Shuang Wei1, Gencun Zhu1, Ying Su1
1College of Information, Mechanical, and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
Abstract:
Sparse arrays are widely employed in array signal processing due to their obvious advantages in array element distribution and uniform degrees of freedom (uDOFs). In this paper, a generalized augmented multi-subarray nested array (GAMSNA-I) and its variant, GAMSNA-II are proposed, with the objective of increasing uDOFs and reducing mutual coupling. Based on two subarrays of the prototype nested array (NA), GAMSNA-I is constructed by reconfiguring the dense uniform linear array (ULA) and forward-shifting the sparse ULA. GAMSNA-II is obtained by sparsifying the dense part of GAMSNA-I, ensuring constant uDOFs while further reducing mutual coupling. Subsequently, the closed-form expression for the uDOFs of GAMSNA-I with an arbitrary number of sensors is derived, and the proof is provided that the uDOFs of GAMSNA-II remain unchanged relative to that of GAMSNA-I. Compared to some existing array configurations, both GAMSNA-I and GAMSNA-II exhibit improved uDOFs, with GAMSNA-II achieving lower mutual coupling. Simulation results show the superior performance of the proposed GAMSNA-I and GAMSNA-II.
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