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Area of Science:

  • Space physics
  • Gravitational wave detection
  • Sensor technology

Background:

  • Inertial sensors are crucial for space gravitational wave detection, requiring test masses (TMs) to freely float.
  • Residual acceleration noise, including electrostatic and Lorentz forces from TM charges, must be minimized to < 3×10-15ms-2Hz-1/2.
  • High-precision charge measurement (< 3×10-13C) is essential for effective charge management of TMs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and validate a high-precision charge measurement method for inertial sensor test masses.
  • To meet the stringent residual charge measurement accuracy requirements of space gravitational wave missions.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a high-precision charge measurement method utilizing phase-sensitive demodulation (PSD).
  • Modeled the torsion pendulum rotation based on the force modulation method to analyze TM torsion angle signals.
  • Extracted charge information by analyzing specific frequency components within the TM torsion angle signal using PSD.

Main Results:

  • The PSD-based method demonstrated higher measurement accuracy compared to Butterworth band-pass filtering.
  • The new method exhibited a shorter settling time and superior anti-interference capabilities.
  • Simulation results confirmed the method meets the required TM residual charge measurement accuracy of 3×10-13C.

Conclusions:

  • The designed PSD-based method effectively measures test mass charges with high precision.
  • This method is suitable for charge management in inertial sensors for space gravitational wave detection missions.
  • The technique offers significant improvements in accuracy, speed, and robustness over existing filtering methods.