[Fluid therapy in sepsis and septic shock]

Fluid resuscitation is a crucial part of the treatment of hypotension and shock of any etiology. Particularly in septic shock, it is an essential element of the initial care bundle. Like all treatments in sepsis, it is also subject to multiple controversies: what type of fluid, how much, how long to administer it, potential risks, toxicity? The main guideline, the Surviving Sepsis Campaign, continues to indicate crystalloids as the main fluid in resuscitation. But the possibility of crystalloids balanced on 0.9% saline or combined use with albumin in the resuscitation of the septic patient is still under debate. This is probably another point where we should always consider individualizing both the type and amount of fluids to be administered in both the initial and maintenance phases of the management of sepsis and septic shock.