Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 3, 2025
08:49
Assessing Changes in Volatile General Anesthetic Sensitivity of Mice after Local or Systemic Pharmacological Intervention
Published on: October 16, 2013
13.7K
Nanotherapeutics for Alleviating Anesthesia-Associated Complications
Bin Lu1,2, Ling Wei3, Gaoxiang Shi1
1Department of Anesthesiology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|February 11, 2024
Summary
Nanomaterials offer promising solutions for anesthesia complications, improving safety and efficacy. This review explores nanotherapeutics to mitigate anesthetic toxicity and enhance patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Nanomedicine
- Anesthesiology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Current anesthesia complication management lacks efficacy and safety.
- Anesthetics can cause prevalent side effects impacting patient outcomes.
- Nanomaterials present unique properties for therapeutic applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing nanotherapeutics for anesthesia complications.
- To highlight strategies for developing nanomedicines against anesthetic toxicity.
- To provide a roadmap for clinical translation of nanotherapeutics.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of nanomedicine applications in anesthesia.
- Examination of nano-formulization for anesthetics.
- Analysis of nano-antidotes and nanomedicines for anesthetic toxicity.
Main Results:
- Nanotechnology can be employed to prevent and alleviate anesthetic complications.
- Development of safe nano-formulations for anesthetics is feasible.
- Nano-antidotes and nanomedicines show potential for managing anesthetic toxicity.
Conclusions:
- Nanotherapeutics hold substantial promise for mitigating anesthesia-associated toxicity.
- Clinical translation of nanomedicines could revolutionize anesthesia complication management.
- Further research is needed to address challenges in clinical translation.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview
125
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
125
01:24General Anesthesia: Overview
219
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
219
01:20Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview
292
Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
292
01:31Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses
486
Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
486
01:15Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
300
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
300
01:23Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications
443
Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
443