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Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus Co-infection in Adolescent Patients With Delta-Variant SARS-CoV-2 Acute

Courtney M Cox1, Mireille Liboiron1, Heather L Young2

  • 1Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA.

Cureus
|February 12, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric COVID-19 patients with Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) co-infection experienced severe respiratory illness. Early detection and management of MSSA are crucial for improving outcomes in these vulnerable children.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • The delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 caused significant respiratory illness in children.
  • Secondary bacterial co-infections can complicate viral respiratory illnesses.

Observation:

  • Five pediatric patients with severe COVID-19 due to the delta variant developed methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) co-infections.
  • All patients required escalated respiratory support shortly after MSSA detection.
  • Four patients received immune-modulating therapies, and four required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Findings:

  • MSSA co-infection was associated with rapid deterioration and increased need for advanced respiratory support, including ECMO.
  • Patients treated with immune modulators appeared to be at higher risk for severe outcomes from MSSA co-infection.

Implications:

  • Clinicians must actively screen for and manage secondary bacterial infections, particularly MSSA, in pediatric COVID-19 patients.
  • Prompt recognition and treatment of MSSA co-infections are vital to reduce morbidity and mortality in critically ill children with COVID-19.
  • Consideration of bacterial co-infections is essential, especially in patients receiving immune-modulating therapies.
Keywords:
covid-19extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo)immune modulation therapypediatric ardspediatric intensive care unit (picu)va ecmovv ecmo

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