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Fluorescence in situ hybridization, or FISH, was developed in the early 1980s and has quickly become one of the most widely used techniques in cytogenetics. Labeled probes are used to bind complementary DNA or RNA sequences on a chromosome or in a region within a cell. Earlier, the probes could only be obtained by cloning or reverse transcription of a DNA template. Currently, the probe oligonucleotides can be synthesized synthetically. Additionally, with the advancement of optical techniques,...
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Updated: Jul 3, 2025

Robust 3D DNA FISH Using Directly Labeled Probes
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pyHiM: a new open-source, multi-platform software package for spatial genomics based on multiplexed DNA-FISH imaging.

Xavier Devos1, Jean-Bernard Fiche1, Marion Bardou1

  • 1Centre de Biologie Structurale, Univ Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5048, INSERM U1054, 34090, Montpellier, France.

Genome Biology
|February 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New imaging-based spatial genomics methods overcome limitations of sequencing. We present pyHiM, a Python toolbox for analyzing multiplexed DNA-FISH data and reconstructing single-cell chromatin organization.

Keywords:
3D chromatin structureBioimage informaticsImagingSpatial genomicsTranscription

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Cell Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Genome-wide ensemble sequencing provides insights into chromatin organization but cannot resolve single-cell heterogeneity or spatial arrangements.
  • Emerging imaging-based techniques are advancing the field of spatial genomics by enabling visualization of molecular structures within cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce pyHiM, a user-friendly Python toolbox for analyzing multiplexed DNA-FISH data.
  • To enable the reconstruction of chromatin traces in individual cells, addressing limitations of traditional sequencing methods.
  • To facilitate the democratization and standardization of spatial genomics data analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Development of pyHiM, a Python toolbox with a modular architecture.
  • Utilizing multiplexed DNA-FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) data for analysis.
  • Implementing algorithms for chromatin trace reconstruction in individual cells.

Main Results:

  • pyHiM offers a user-friendly interface for spatial genomics data analysis.
  • The toolbox allows for independent execution and customization of analysis steps.
  • Enables detailed reconstruction of chromatin organization at the single-cell level.

Conclusions:

  • pyHiM enhances the analysis of spatial genomics data, particularly multiplexed DNA-FISH.
  • The toolbox promotes wider accessibility and standardization in the field of spatial genomics.
  • Facilitates a deeper understanding of single-cell chromatin organization and heterogeneity.