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Sex Differences in the Brain's White Matter Microstructure during Development assessed using Advanced Diffusion MRI
Sebastian M Benavidez1, Zvart Abaryan2, Gaon S Kim1
1Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA.
Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|February 14, 2024
Summary
This study found significant sex differences in white matter (WM) microstructure in neurotypical individuals aged 5-22. Advanced diffusion MRI models, particularly the tensor distribution function (TDF), were most sensitive in detecting these developmental variations.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Biology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Sex differences in brain development are not fully understood.
- White matter (WM) microstructure plays a crucial role in brain function and connectivity.
- Previous research has limitations in characterizing these sex-based developmental variations.
Approach:
- Utilized diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) on 239 neurotypical individuals (aged 5-22).
- Employed conventional diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and advanced models: tensor distribution function (TDF) and neurite orientation dispersion density imaging (NODDI).
- Analyzed sex differences in WM microstructure across various brain regions.
Key Points:
- Significant and regionally consistent sex differences in WM microstructure were observed during typical development.
- The tensor distribution function (TDF) model demonstrated superior sensitivity in identifying these sex-based differences compared to DTI and NODDI.
- Findings reveal distinct developmental trajectories for male and female white matter.
Conclusions:
- Sex is an important biological variable to consider in neurodevelopmental research.
- Advanced dMRI models like TDF offer enhanced insights into subtle microstructural variations.
- This study provides a foundation for understanding sex-specific brain development and potential implications for neurological conditions.
