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Intestinal nontuberculous mycobacteria infection: A case report
Yanbin Xu1, Jinfeng Yang1, Lili Cui1
1Department of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis, Changchun Infectious Disease Hospital, Changchun, China.
Medicine
|February 16, 2024
Summary
Diagnosing intestinal nontuberculous mycobacteriosis can be challenging due to similar symptoms to other conditions. This case highlights successful diagnosis using colonoscopy biopsy and MALDI-TOF MS, leading to symptom relief with antimycobacterial treatment.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Intestinal nontuberculous mycobacteriosis presents diagnostic challenges due to overlapping symptoms with intestinal tuberculosis and inflammatory bowel disease.
- Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and patient outcomes.
Observation:
- A 42-year-old male presented with diarrhea and hematochezia, initially diagnosed with inflammatory intestinal disease.
- Symptoms persisted despite mesalazine treatment, prompting further investigation for intestinal tuberculosis.
- Diagnosis of intestinal nontuberculous mycobacteriosis was confirmed via pathology and nucleotide-based MALDI-TOF MS.
Findings:
- Antimycobacterial therapy led to significant symptom relief within two weeks.
- Follow-up colonoscopy revealed residual erosions and ulcers, with Mycobacterium intracellulare detected by MALDI-TOF MS and NGS.
- This case underscores the utility of advanced diagnostic techniques in identifying rare mycobacterial infections.
Implications:
- Highlights the importance of considering nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in refractory gastrointestinal symptoms.
- Demonstrates the effectiveness of nucleotide-based MALDI-TOF MS in diagnosing intestinal mycobacteriosis.
- Emphasizes the need for tailored antimicrobial therapy for successful management of intestinal nontuberculous mycobacteriosis.
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