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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
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Limiting Light Dark Matter with Luminous Hadronic Loops.

Melissa Diamond1, Christopher V Cappiello1, Aaron C Vincent1

  • 1Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7N 3N6, Canada; The Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 2Y5, Canada.

Physical Review Letters
|February 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We found that low-energy hadronic loops can create an effective dark matter-photon coupling. This allows for dark matter-electron scattering detection, even for very light dark matter particles below 100 MeV.

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Area of Science:

  • Particle physics
  • Astrophysics
  • Cosmology

Background:

  • Dark matter typically does not interact with photons at tree level.
  • Loop-level interactions are usually ignored in direct detection searches.
  • Detecting low-mass dark matter (<100 MeV) via nuclear recoils is challenging due to low momentum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the possibility of an effective dark matter-photon coupling through hadronic loops.
  • To explore dark matter-electron scattering as a detection channel for light dark matter.
  • To establish constraints on light dark matter interactions with protons.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzing loop-level contributions of low-energy hadronic states.
  • Calculating the effective dark matter-photon coupling.
  • Investigating dark matter-electron scattering cross-sections.
  • Constraining interactions using astrophysical observations.

Main Results:

  • Low-energy hadronic loops can induce an effective dark matter-photon coupling.
  • This coupling enables dark matter-electron scattering even without tree-level interactions.
  • Light mediators result in an effective fractional electric charge, strongly constrained by observations.
  • This mechanism allows setting limits on dark matter-proton interactions down to 1 MeV.

Conclusions:

  • Hadronic loops provide a viable mechanism for detecting light dark matter.
  • Dark matter-electron scattering searches offer new avenues for probing low-mass dark matter.
  • Astrophysical constraints significantly limit the parameter space for light dark matter with effective charges.