Gram-Negative Toe Web Infections
Kelita A Waterton1, Shari R Lipner2
1SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University College of Medicine, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
Abstract:
Gram-negative bacterial toe web infection (GNTWI) is a common dermatologic condition affecting the interdigital spaces. The clinical presentation ranges from mild erythema to exudative maceration of the web spaces that may extend to in other areas of the foot and lead to cellulitis in severe cases. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most commonly identified etiologic agent. Occlusive and humid environments, pre-existing dermatologic conditions, and fungal infections increase the risk of developing GNTWI. GNTWI has a broad differential diagnosis including erythrasma, tinea pedis, pitted keratolysis, eczematous dermatitis, and malignancies. Diagnosis is performed using bacterial and fungal cultures. There is a lack of a standardized treatment regimen for GNTWI. While GNTWI is fairly common, it may still be under-recognized by dermatologists due to the limited medical literature. This article presents a review of GNTWI, its clinical features, epidemiologic factors, etiologic agents, predisposing factors, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic options.
Insights
Gram-negative bacterial toe web infection (GNTWI) is a common foot condition. This review covers its causes, diagnosis, and treatment options, highlighting the need for better recognition and standardized care.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Gram-negative bacterial toe web infection (GNTWI) is a prevalent dermatologic issue impacting foot interdigital spaces.
- Clinical signs vary from mild redness to severe maceration and potential cellulitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of GNTWI.
- To detail its clinical features, epidemiology, causes, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of Gram-negative bacterial toe web infection.
- Analysis of clinical presentations, etiologic agents, and predisposing factors.
- Evaluation of diagnostic methods and therapeutic strategies.
Main Results:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most frequent cause of GNTWI.
- Risk factors include moist environments, existing skin conditions, and fungal infections.
- Differential diagnoses are extensive, including tinea pedis and eczematous dermatitis.
Conclusions:
- GNTWI requires careful diagnosis, often involving bacterial and fungal cultures.
- Standardized treatment protocols are lacking, and the condition may be under-recognized.
- Further research and clinical awareness are necessary for improved patient outcomes.
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