Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels
05:31

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels

Published on: August 7, 2017

10.4K

Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in early childhood: a newly defined clinical condition

Antonio Corsello1,2, Gregorio Paolo Milani3,4, Marina Picca5

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. antonio.corsello@unimi.it.

Italian Journal of Pediatrics
|February 16, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Recurrent Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (R-URTIs) affect 5-10% of young children. A new definition aids diagnosis, noting elusive risk factors in pediatric R-URTIs.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Epidemiology of childhood illnesses

Background:

  • Recurrent Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (R-URTIs) present a significant healthcare challenge for children and families.
  • Understanding the prevalence and risk factors of R-URTIs in young children is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with Recurrent Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (R-URTIs) in children aged 0-5 years.
  • To establish a practical and dynamic definition for R-URTI in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • An observational study involving 483 children aged 0-5 years.
  • Prospective data collection by family pediatricians on socio-demographics, medical history, and URTI episodes.
  • Follow-up of children until March 2021, prior to the COVID-19 outbreak.

Main Results:

  • An estimated 5-10% prevalence of R-URTIs was observed in the study cohort.
  • A proposed definition for R-URTI: at least four episodes of 4+ days each within six months, with intervening well periods.
  • Specific risk factors for R-URTI were not clearly identified.

Conclusions:

  • R-URTIs may affect children irrespective of family or clinical history, as risk factors were elusive.
  • The proposed definition serves as a valuable tool for clinicians in diagnosing and managing pediatric R-URTIs.
  • Age stratification and observation timing support patient-specific clinical decisions.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Recurrent Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection Triggered by Gardnerella vaginalis Bladder Exposure in Mice08:53

Recurrent Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection Triggered by Gardnerella vaginalis Bladder Exposure in Mice

Published on: December 4, 2020

6.1K
An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection09:01

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Published on: December 10, 2013

7.9K

Related Concept Videos

Common Respiratory Disorders01:31

Common Respiratory Disorders

Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
514
Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
666
Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
2.1K
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
839
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
1.6K
Tonsillitis I: Introduction01:30

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
251