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Simulating Z_{2} lattice gauge theory on a quantum computer.

Clement Charles1,2, Erik J Gustafson3,4,5, Elizabeth Hardt6,7

  • 1Department of Physics, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago.

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Quantum error mitigation techniques improve noisy quantum simulations of Z_{2} gauge theory. These methods enhance accuracy, enabling reliable extraction of particle masses from quantum computations.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Computing
  • High Energy Physics
  • Condensed Matter Theory

Background:

  • Quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories are hindered by hardware noise.
  • Quantum error mitigation strategies aim to reduce uncertainties in quantum computations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effectiveness of various quantum error mitigation techniques.
  • To study the interplay between different error mitigation methods in quantum simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated Z_{2} gauge theory with matter on a quantum computer.
  • Applied readout error mitigation, randomized compiling, rescaling, and dynamical decoupling.
  • Computed Minkowski correlation functions and extracted the lightest spin-1 state mass.

Main Results:

  • Quantum error mitigation extended the accurate calculation time range by a factor of 6.
  • Demonstrated the efficacy of combining multiple error mitigation techniques.
  • Successfully extracted the mass of the lightest spin-1 state.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum error mitigation is crucial for reliable quantum simulations of confining gauge theories.
  • These techniques significantly improve the accuracy and extend the utility of current noisy quantum hardware.
  • The study provides a pathway for more precise quantum simulations in fundamental physics.