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Lung as a target for COVID-19: Mechanistic insights and probable candidate molecules for cure

Sadiya Bi Shaikh1, Ashwini Prabhu1, Akarsha B1

  • 1Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575 018, Karnataka, India.

Journal of Infection and Public Health
|February 17, 2024
PubMed

Insights

This review details how SARS-CoV-2 affects the lungs, causing severe COVID-19 and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). It explores potential drug targets and natural compounds for new treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Pulmonology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19, a global pandemic impacting the respiratory system.
  • Current treatments for critical COVID-19 cases, especially with comorbidities, show limited efficacy.
  • Understanding SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 lung tropism and its role in severe COVID-19.
  • To identify potential molecular targets for antiviral therapies.
  • To evaluate natural anti-inflammatory compounds as adjunctive treatments for COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Analysis of existing data on COVID-19 pathogenesis and treatment.
  • Exploration of potential therapeutic targets and natural compounds.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 targets lung cells, potentially leading to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in severe cases.
  • Specific viral proteins and host cell interactions are key to pathogenicity.
  • Several natural compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory properties that may benefit COVID-19 patients.

Conclusions:

  • A deeper understanding of SARS-CoV-2 molecular mechanisms is essential for improved COVID-19 treatment.
  • Targeting specific viral or host factors presents viable therapeutic avenues.
  • Natural anti-inflammatory agents show promise as adjuvant therapies, complementing conventional treatments.
Keywords:
COVID-19InflammationLungNatural compoundsSARS-CoV2

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