A Higher Kick Frequency Swimming Training Program Optimizes Swim-to-Cycle Transition in Triathlon.

Area of Science:

• Sports Science
• Exercise Physiology
• Biomechanics

Background:

• The swim-to-cycle transition is a critical phase in triathlon performance.
• Optimizing swimming technique and energy efficiency during cycling can enhance overall race outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of an 8-week swimming training program with varied kick frequencies on biomechanical and physiological responses during a simulated triathlon swim-to-cycle transition.
• To determine if a higher kick frequency training program improves swimming efficiency and reduces physiological strain during subsequent cycling.

Main Methods:

• Fifteen triathletes were divided into three groups: 6-beat-kick (K6), 4-beat-kick (K4), and a control group (CG).
• Participants underwent an 8-week training program.
• Biomechanical and physiological parameters were assessed during a 400m swim and a 10-minute cycling segment, both pre- and post-training.

Main Results:

• The K6 group demonstrated a lower stroke frequency and higher stroke length post-training compared to the CG, indicating improved swimming technique.
• The K6 group showed significant reductions in heart rate, oxygen consumption (V̇O2), and energy expenditure during the cycling segment post-training.
• A positive correlation was found between swim kick index and cycling cadence in the K6 group.

Conclusions:

• An 8-week swimming training program emphasizing a higher kick frequency (6-beat-kick) enhances swimming technique and improves cycling economy in triathletes.
• This training intervention positively impacts the swim-to-cycle transition, suggesting its inclusion for optimizing overall triathlon performance.
• Triathletes and coaches should consider incorporating higher kick frequency training to boost both swim and cycle components of the race.