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Related Concept Videos

Seizures: Classification01:13

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
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Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
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Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Microdialysis of Excitatory Amino Acids During EEG Recordings in Freely Moving Rats
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Functional seizures: Are they consistent over time?

Elian Bahous1, Raz Wagner1, Moshe Herskovitz1,2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.

Brain and Behavior
|February 20, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional seizures (FS) remain consistent in patients across multiple video EEG monitoring (VEEG) sessions, even years apart. This suggests FS is a stable phenomenon, supporting further research into its origins.

Keywords:
consistencyfunctional seizuresstereotypy

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Previous research indicated functional seizures (FS) are consistent within a single video EEG monitoring (VEEG) session.
  • This study investigated the long-term consistency of FS across separate VEEG sessions over several years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if functional seizures (FS) maintain consistency in type, affected regions, and duration across multiple video EEG monitoring (VEEG) sessions over extended periods.
  • To assess the correlation between the time interval between VEEG sessions and the degree of FS consistency.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated FS consistency across VEEG sessions using criteria: seizure type, primary/secondary anatomical regions involved, movement frequency, and duration.
  • Categorized consistency levels as low, moderate, or high based on the number of consistent features across sessions.
  • Analyzed data from 14 patients with a mean interval of 3.8 years between VEEG monitoring.

Main Results:

  • 13 out of 14 patients showed consistency in FS type between their first and second VEEG sessions.
  • Motor FS demonstrated consistency in the main anatomical region (9/12 patients) and other involved regions (9/12 patients).
  • Most patients (10/14) exhibited high consistency in FS, with seizure duration being the least consistent feature.

Conclusions:

  • Functional seizures (FS) demonstrate significant consistency in individual patients over several years, supporting the concept of FS as a stable phenomenon.
  • No clear correlation was found between the time elapsed between VEEG sessions and the degree of FS consistency.
  • Findings suggest potential new research directions for understanding the underlying mechanisms of functional seizures.