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A proteomic classifier panel for early screening of colorectal cancer: a case control study
Hanju Hua1, Tingting Wang2, Liangxuan Pan2
1Department of Colorectal Surgery (H.H), and Department of Gastroenterology (C.Y. and Z.S.), College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
Journal of Translational Medicine
|February 21, 2024
Summary
A new seven-protein blood test shows high accuracy in detecting colorectal cancer (CRC) and precancerous lesions. This promising biomarker panel offers improved early diagnosis for better patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Proteomics
- Biomarker Discovery
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) significantly improves patient outcomes.
- Current non-invasive screening methods need enhanced sensitivity, specificity, and cost-effectiveness.
- Advancements in genomics and proteomics offer potential for novel biomarker development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and validate a panel of plasma proteins for the non-invasive diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC).
- To develop a cost-effective and accurate blood-based assay for early CRC detection.
- To assess the classifier's performance in distinguishing CRC from healthy controls and advanced precancerous lesions.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative mass spectrometry was used to profile plasma proteins in a discovery cohort.
- Machine learning algorithms selected candidate protein biomarkers.
- A targeted mass spectrometry assay was developed to quantify seven specific proteins.
- A logistic regression classifier was trained and validated on independent patient cohorts.
Main Results:
- A seven-protein panel (LRG1, C9, IGFBP2, CNDP1, ITIH3, SERPINA1, ORM1) demonstrated high accuracy in classifying CRC.
- Area under the curve (AUC) values for CRC detection ranged from 0.905 to 0.958 across training and validation cohorts.
- The panel achieved high sensitivity (up to 89.9%) and specificity (up to 97.9%) in distinguishing CRC from healthy subjects.
- The classifier detected advanced precancerous lesions with 49% sensitivity.
Conclusions:
- The developed seven-protein classifier represents a significant advancement over existing blood-based biomarkers for early CRC detection.
- This panel holds translational potential for development into a clinically applicable diagnostic assay.
- The findings support the utility of this multi-protein panel for improving non-invasive CRC screening and diagnosis.
