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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Engineering Molecular Tools for Disease Detection and Imaging
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Cancer detection in dogs using rapid Raman molecular urinalysis.

John L Robertson1,2, Nikolas Dervisis3, John Rossmeisl3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, College of Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science
|February 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new Raman spectroscopy urine test can detect cancer in dogs with 92.7% accuracy. This non-invasive screening method identifies specific canine cancers like lymphoma and urothelial carcinoma, offering a rapid diagnostic advancement.

Keywords:
Raman spectroscopycancerchemometriclymphomamast cell tumorosteosarcomaurineurothelial carcinoma (UC)

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biomolecular Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Canine cancer diagnosis often relies on invasive procedures or advanced imaging.
  • Early detection of cancer in dogs is crucial for effective treatment and improved outcomes.
  • Developing non-invasive screening methods for canine cancers is a significant unmet need.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a non-invasive urine screening test for detecting cancer in dogs using Raman spectroscopy.
  • To differentiate between cancerous and non-cancerous urine samples in dogs.
  • To identify specific spectral fingerprints for various canine cancers, including lymphoma, urothelial carcinoma, osteosarcoma, and mast cell tumor.

Main Methods:

  • Collected urine samples from dogs with and without cancer, as well as those with non-neoplastic urinary tract diseases.
  • Acquired Raman spectra of unprocessed urine samples.
  • Utilized chemometric analysis, including ISREA, principal component analysis (PCA), and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC), for data interpretation.

Main Results:

  • The Raman spectroscopy urine test achieved an overall accuracy of 92.7% for cancer detection in dogs.
  • The test demonstrated high sensitivity (94.0%) and specificity (90.5%), with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 94.5% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 89.6%.
  • The method effectively distinguished urothelial carcinoma from other canine cancers and identified spectral biomarkers associated with cancer presence.

Conclusions:

  • Raman spectroscopy of canine urine provides a rapid, non-invasive method for cancer detection and classification.
  • This urine screening test represents a significant advancement in canine cancer diagnostics, potentially improving case management and treatment.
  • The technique shows promise for early detection, particularly in breeds predisposed to specific cancers.