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Local anesthetics as a tool for Staphylococcus spp. control: a systematic review
Henrique Barreto Bellusci1, Letícia Franco Gervasoni2, Inaiá Calegari Peixoto2
1Mestrado Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Do Oeste Paulista/UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.
Local anesthetics show antimicrobial effects against Staphylococcus species, but results vary widely. This systematic review found no significant impact of anesthetic concentration on their antimicrobial activity, preventing meta-analysis.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Local anesthetics are widely used in medical procedures.
- Emerging evidence suggests potential antimicrobial properties of local anesthetics.
- Staphylococcus species are significant human pathogens, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
Approach:
- A systematic review was conducted on in vitro studies evaluating local anesthetics against Staphylococcus spp.
- Searches across major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Lilacs) identified 52 relevant articles.
- PRISMA guidelines and JBI critical appraisal checklist ensured methodological rigor.
Key Points:
- Lidocaine was the most frequently studied anesthetic.
- Antimicrobial effects were observed in 82.7% of the evaluated studies.
- No statistically significant difference was found in the antimicrobial effect related to anesthetic concentration.
Conclusions:
- Local anesthetics demonstrate antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus species in vitro.
- Significant heterogeneity in study results precluded a meta-analysis and definitive recommendations.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the clinical implications and optimize the use of local anesthetics as antimicrobial agents.
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