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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Production of Human CRISPR-Engineered CAR-T Cells

Production of Human CRISPR-Engineered CAR-T Cells

Published on: March 15, 2021

Metabolic engineering for optimized CAR-T cell therapy.

Sarah J McPhedran^1,2, Gillian A Carleton^1,2, Julian J Lum^3,4

¹Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.

Nature Metabolism

|February 22, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Engineering T cells with pathway-level metabolic reprogramming can enhance their effectiveness against solid tumors. This approach addresses the metabolic challenges within the tumor microenvironment, improving T cell function and persistence for cancer therapy.

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

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Non-Viral Engineering of Primary Human T Cells via Homology-Mediated End-Joining Targeted Integration of Large DNA Templates

Non-Viral Engineering of Primary Human T Cells via Homology-Mediated End-Joining Targeted Integration of Large DNA Templates

Published on: May 9, 2025

Area of Science:

Immunology
Metabolic Engineering
Cancer Therapy

Background:

T cell-based therapies show limited effectiveness in solid tumors due to the metabolically challenging tumor microenvironment.
Current strategies focus on single-gene manipulation, which is insufficient to overcome tumor-induced immune suppression.

Purpose of the Study:

To review metabolic pathways crucial for T cell function in solid tumors.
To explore pathway-level metabolic engineering strategies for enhancing chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy.
To identify challenges for clinical implementation of these approaches.

Main Methods:

Review of foundational studies on T cell metabolism and tumor microenvironment interactions.
Analysis of genome-editing and metabolic engineering strategies.
Discussion of clinical translation challenges.

Main Results:

Solid tumors impose significant metabolic stress on T cells, limiting their anti-tumor activity.
Pathway-level metabolic engineering offers a more comprehensive strategy than single-gene targets.
Key metabolic pathways supporting T cell cytotoxicity and persistence have been identified.

Conclusions:

Metabolic engineering at the pathway level is a promising strategy to improve T cell-based cancer therapies.
Addressing the complex interplay between metabolic networks and T cell function is critical for clinical success.
Further research is needed to overcome challenges in translating these strategies to clinical practice.