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Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex in Human Lactation: An Integrative Literature Review
Stephanie Lynn Herr1, Jessica Devido1, Richard Zoucha2
1Duquesne School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Summary
Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex causes negative emotions during lactation. This condition is linked to maternal distress and may lead to breastfeeding discontinuation, requiring more research and awareness.
Area of Science:
- Lactation and Perinatal Mental Health
Background:
- Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex (DMER) is an understudied lactation condition.
- It involves emotional dysregulation, causing feelings of unhappiness during milk letdown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the scope of published literature on Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex.
Main Methods:
- An integrative review guided by Whittemore and Knafl's methodology.
- Searched five databases, Google, and Google Scholar for relevant literature.
- Included 11 articles from five countries meeting inclusion criteria.
Main Results:
- Synthesized findings under five themes: symptom management, biological underpinnings, maternal role impact, support, and breastfeeding cessation.
- Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex is associated with negative emotions and maternal psychological distress.
Conclusions:
- Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex is a neurobiological condition impacting mood during lactation.
- It is linked to maternal distress and breastfeeding discontinuation.
- Future research should focus on biological origins, interventions, and international awareness.
Keywords:
Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflexbreastfeedingemotional sensationsintegrative reviewlactationmilk letdownpsychological distressMore Related Videos
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