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Updated: Jul 17, 2026
Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates
Published on: January 30, 2014
The microglial innate immune protein PGLYRP1 mediates neuroinflammation and consequent behavioral changes
Anup Bhusal1, Jae-Hong Kim2, Seung-Chan Kim3
1Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
Peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) is a pattern-recognition protein that mediates antibacterial actions and innate immune responses. Its expression and role in neuroinflammatory conditions remain unclear. We observed the upregulation of PGLYRP1 in inflamed human and mouse spinal cord and brain, with microglia being the primary cellular source. Experiments using a recombinant PGLYRP1 protein show that PGLYRP1 potentiates reactive gliosis, neuroinflammation, and consequent behavioral changes in multiple animal models of neuroinflammation. Furthermore, shRNA-mediated knockdown of Pglyrp1 gene expression attenuates this inflammatory response. In addition, we identify triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (TREM1) as an interaction partner of PGLYRP1 and demonstrate that PGLYRP1 promotes neuroinflammation through the TREM1-Syk-Erk1/2-Stat3 axis in cultured glial cells. Taken together, our results reveal a role for microglial PGLYRP1 as a neuroinflammation mediator. Finally, we propose that PGLYRP1 is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in various neuroinflammatory diseases.
Insights
Peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) is upregulated in neuroinflammation and drives inflammatory responses. Targeting PGLYRP1 may offer new therapeutic strategies for brain inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Innate Immunity
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) is crucial for antibacterial actions and innate immunity.
- The role and expression of PGLYRP1 in neuroinflammatory conditions are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression and function of PGLYRP1 in neuroinflammation.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which PGLYRP1 influences neuroinflammation.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of PGLYRP1 expression in inflamed human and mouse central nervous system tissue.
- In vivo studies using recombinant PGLYRP1 and Pglyrp1 gene knockdown.
- In vitro studies using cultured glial cells to identify interaction partners and signaling pathways.
Main Results:
- PGLYRP1 is upregulated in inflamed brain and spinal cord, primarily in microglia.
- Recombinant PGLYRP1 exacerbates neuroinflammation, reactive gliosis, and behavioral deficits in animal models.
- PGLYRP1 promotes neuroinflammation via the TREM1-Syk-Erk1/2-Stat3 pathway in glial cells.
- Pglyrp1 gene knockdown attenuates the inflammatory response.
Conclusions:
- Microglial PGLYRP1 acts as a mediator of neuroinflammation.
- PGLYRP1 represents a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for neuroinflammatory diseases.
