Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography
06:34

Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography

Published on: October 28, 2020

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Three-Dimensional Combined Atrioventricular Coupling Index-A Novel Prognostic Marker in Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Aura Vîjîiac1, Alina Ioana Scărlătescu2, Ioana Gabriela Petre1,2

  • 1Cardiology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.

Biomedicines
|February 24, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Atrioventricular coupling indices, including the combined index (CACI), predict adverse events in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients. CACI offers incremental prognostic value beyond traditional risk factors, improving outcome prediction.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Cardiovascular Imaging

Background:

  • Atrioventricular coupling is an emerging predictor of clinical outcomes.
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a significant cause of heart failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prognostic role of left (LACI), right (RACI), and combined (CACI) atrioventricular coupling indices in DCM patients.
  • To assess if CACI provides incremental prognostic information over established risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • 121 DCM patients underwent comprehensive 3D echocardiography.
  • LACI, RACI, and CACI were calculated using 3D end-diastolic volumes.
  • Patients were followed for major adverse cardiovascular events.

Main Results:

  • Impaired atrioventricular coupling indices were associated with adverse events.
  • CACI demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.66, p = 0.003).
  • LACI, RACI, and CACI were independent predictors; CACI showed incremental value over traditional factors.

Conclusions:

  • 3D echocardiography-derived CACI is an independent predictor of adverse events in DCM.
  • CACI enhances prognostic assessment in DCM beyond conventional risk stratification.

Keywords:
atrioventricular couplingcombined atrioventricular coupling indexdilated cardiomyopathythree-dimensional echocardiography

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