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To achieve precise distance measurements, especially in surveying and construction, certain corrections must be applied to account for potential sources of error like the standardization errors, temperature variations, and slope adjustments.Standardization error emerges when measurement equipment undergoes changes, such as wear, repairs, or weather impacts. To address this, surveyors compare the equipment’s readings to a standard. This process identifies any deviation that might lead to...
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new technique, Cross-Checking and Mirroring (CCM), to protect satellite memory from radiation-induced bit-flips. CCM ensures data integrity in space missions, even with multiple memory errors.

Keywords:
LEO orbitMultiple-Bit Upset (MBU)Single-Event Upset (SEU)electronicflash memory reliabilityheavy ionprotonsatellite

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Area of Science:

  • Space Science and Engineering
  • Aerospace Technology
  • Radiation Effects on Electronics

Background:

  • In-orbit experiments are crucial for validating new technologies in space.
  • Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites face radiation hazards causing memory bit-flips.
  • Magnetic sensing techniques require robust data integrity in space environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in-flight performance of magnetic sensing techniques.
  • To analyze memory data redundancy and recovery options for space missions.
  • To introduce and validate a new technique for ensuring data integrity against radiation effects.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized in-orbit demonstrators (MELISA) in LEO.
  • Analyzed memory data redundancy using auxiliary flash memory and duplicated data structures.
  • Proposed and implemented the Cross-Checking and Mirroring (CCM) technique.
  • Evaluated four alternative algorithms based on merit indicators.

Main Results:

  • The proposed CCM technique and alternative algorithms demonstrated similar, effective performance.
  • The methods are robust against multiple bit-flips in flash memory.
  • The computational overhead introduced by CCM is negligible, even for 8-bit microcontrollers.

Conclusions:

  • The CCM technique provides a lightweight and effective solution for data integrity in radiation-heavy space environments.
  • In-orbit validation of magnetic sensing systems is feasible and essential.
  • The developed methods enhance the reliability of electronic systems on LEO satellites.