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International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure

International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure

Published on: March 12, 2020

Current situation of management of spontaneous pneumothorax in Japan: A cross-sectional cohort study

Hitoshi Igai¹, Noriyoshi Sawabata², Toshiro Obuchi³

¹Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Maebashi Hospital, 389-1 Asakura, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-0811, Japan.

Respiratory Investigation

|February 24, 2024

Abstract

Background:

Limited epidemiological information is available on spontaneous pneumothorax. To address this gap, the Japan Society for Pneumothorax and Cystic Lung Disease (JSPCLD) conducted a nationwide retrospective survey to investigate the current epidemiology of spontaneous pneumothorax in Japan.

Methods:

In this study, we conducted a retrospective cross-sectional cohort study to demonstrate the clinical features of spontaneous pneumothorax in one year from April 2019 to March 2020, compare patient characteristics and treatment outcomes between primary (PSP) and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP), and investigate the risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality among patients with SSP.

Results:

A total of 1784 patients from 28 institutions were enrolled in the study, with PSP observed in 956 cases (53.6%) and SSP in 817 cases (45.8%). The age distribution showed a biphasic peak caused by the different peaks between PSP and SSP. In-hospital mortality occurred in 42 cases (2.4%) among all patients, with 0 cases (0%) in PSP and 42 cases (5.1%) in SSP. Multivariable analyses revealed that interstitial pneumonia as an underlying disease (odds ratio: 2.4700, 95% confidence interval: 1.1100 to 5.4800, p = 0.0269), performance status≧3 (odds ratio: 7.3900, 95% confidence interval: 3.1900 to 17.2000, p < 0.0001), and lower value of serum albumin on admission (odds ratio: 0.4060, 95% confidence interval: 0.2140 to 0.7690, p = 0.0057) were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality among patients with SSP.

Conclusions:

SSP patients with poor baseline conditions are at a higher risk for in-hospital mortality. It is crucial to provide close and meticulous management for SSP patients with compromised conditions.

Keywords:

Current situation In-hospital mortality Japan Management Spontaneous pneumothorax

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