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Related Concept Videos

Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

248
The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
248
Insomnia01:27

Insomnia

85
Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and waking up too early without being able to return to sleep. People with insomnia often experience these disruptions at least three nights a week for at least one month. Chronic insomnia, which lasts for at least three months, can lead to increased anxiety, which in turn can worsen sleep difficulties, creating a cycle of sleeplessness and stress.
Multiple factors contribute...
85
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

167
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
167
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

143
Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
143
Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview01:23

Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview

374
Sedatives are drugs that alleviate anxiety, while hypnotics induce sleep. Both classes of medication suppress neuronal activity, leading to a calming effect for sedatives and facilitating sleep for hypnotics.
Sedative-hypnotics are categorized into barbiturates, benzodiazepines (BZDs), and non-benzodiazepines or Z-drugs. These drugs work by suppressing central nervous system activity, and this suppression is dose-dependent. Older sedative medications, like barbiturates, follow a linear curve in...
374
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

174
Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
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Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Shugan Jieyu Capsules for the Treatment of Insomnia
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Insomnia: A Current Review.

Sowjanya Naha1, Manjamalai Sivaraman2, Pradeep Sahota3

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|February 26, 2024
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Summary
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Insomnia significantly impacts quality of life but is treatable. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is a primary treatment, with pharmacotherapy and specialist referral for persistent symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Insomnia is a common sleep disorder affecting overall well-being.
  • The negative consequences of insomnia can be mitigated through effective treatments.

Approach:

  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is the first-line therapy.
  • Pharmacotherapy is recommended for patients not responding to CBT-I.
  • Treatment should consider individual comorbidities.

Key Points:

  • CBT-I is a cornerstone for insomnia management.
  • Medication is an option for refractory cases.
  • Comorbidity-specific tailoring of pharmacotherapy is crucial.

Conclusions:

  • Insomnia's adverse effects are largely preventable.
  • Specialist consultation is advised for treatment-resistant insomnia.