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Peer Support for Type 2 Diabetes Management in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs): A Scoping Review.
Diana Sherifali1, Lilian Pinto da Silva2, Pooja Dewan3
1McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Team, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Global Heart
|February 26, 2024
Summary
Peer support interventions for cardiometabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, are not consistently defined in low- and middle-income countries. Further research needs clear definitions and program evaluation for effective implementation.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Global Health
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Evidence for peer support in cardiometabolic disease management exists in high-income countries.
- The application and definition of peer support in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) for cardiometabolic disease (CMD) management, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review to understand the use and definition of peer support interventions for CMD management in LMICs.
- To identify the geographical distribution and characteristics of existing peer support programs in LMICs.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive scoping review methodology was employed.
- Searches were conducted across multiple databases: MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, PsycINFO, LILACS, CDSR, and CENTRAL.
- Twenty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria.
Main Results:
- The majority of studies (67%) were conducted in Asia, followed by Africa (22%) and the Americas (11%).
- Definitions of peer support varied significantly across the included studies.
- Peer support was consistently found to provide social and emotional benefits, aiding individuals in coping with challenges and promoting disease management.
Conclusions:
- There is a notable lack of consistency in defining peer support as a component of CMD management within LMICs.
- Future research should prioritize establishing a clear and consistent definition of peer support.
- Ongoing program evaluation is recommended to ensure the effectiveness and standardization of peer support interventions in LMICs.
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