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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area01:23

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area

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Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are...
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Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Preparation and Characterization of Individual and Multi-drug Loaded Physically Entrapped Polymeric Micelles
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Microstructure Formation and Characterization of Long-Acting Injectable Microspheres: The Gateway to Fully Controlled

Mengdi Wang1, Shan Wang1, Changhao Zhang2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.

International Journal of Nanomedicine
|February 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Understanding microsphere microstructure is key for developing controllable long-acting injectables. This review details factors affecting microstructure and advanced characterization techniques for drug delivery systems.

Keywords:
PLGAcontrolled drug releaselong-acting injectable microspheremicrostructure

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Long-acting injectable microspheres offer sustained drug delivery but face challenges in controlling release kinetics.
  • Only 12 such products are FDA-approved, highlighting the need for improved formulation and characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review critical factors influencing microsphere microstructure formation.
  • To highlight recent advances in microsphere microstructure characterization techniques.
  • To provide insights for developing controllable long-acting injectable microspheres and generic alternatives.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on formulation composition and preparation processes affecting microsphere microstructure.
  • Analysis of recent advancements in microstructure characterization techniques.

Main Results:

  • Microsphere microstructure, including drug, PLGA, and pore distribution, is crucial for drug release.
  • FDA recommends comparative microstructure characterization (Q3) for bioequivalence assessment.
  • Key variables influencing microstructure stem from formulation and preparation.

Conclusions:

  • A deeper understanding of microsphere microstructure is essential for advancing long-acting injectable drug delivery.
  • This knowledge is particularly valuable for the development of generic microsphere products.
  • Focusing on microstructure aids in achieving predictable and controllable drug release patterns.