Enhanced Gait Variability Index in Neurological and Geriatric Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Geriatrics
• Rehabilitation Science
• Biomechanics

Background:

• Gait variability is a key indicator of neuromotor function, fall risk, and mobility impairment.
• The Enhanced Gait Variability Index (eGVI) offers a comprehensive measure of gait irregularity.
• Standardized implementation evidence for eGVI is currently limited.

Purpose of the Study:

• To map the application of eGVI across different populations and clinical contexts.
• To identify heterogeneity in eGVI assessment protocols.
• To pinpoint methodological gaps for precision medicine implementation in rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

• A scoping review following PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
• Searched major scientific databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Emcare, Web of Science).
• Included 18 peer-reviewed studies with 1,915 participants reporting eGVI outcomes.

Main Results:

• Studies predominantly focused on Parkinson's disease (39%) and older adults (22%).
• eGVI showed sensitivity to neuromotor impairment, aging, and dual-task challenges, particularly in Parkinson's disease.
• Significant heterogeneity observed in walkways, conditions, assistive devices, and reference populations limited comparability.

Conclusions:

• The eGVI demonstrates potential as a clinical outcome measure for gait.
• Protocol variability and unvalidated normative data restrict current clinical utility.
• Population-specific protocols and validated normative data are crucial for reliable, precision medicine-aligned adoption.