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Never Let a Good Outbreak Go to Waste.
1Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston.
NEJM Evidence
|February 27, 2024
Summary
The 2022 mpox outbreak highlighted the need for rapid adaptation of existing smallpox countermeasures. Global collaboration was essential to translate existing knowledge into effective mpox disease treatments.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- The 2022 multinational mpox (formerly monkeypox) outbreak rapidly spread globally, reporting over 90,000 cases and 150 deaths.
- Existing medical countermeasures, primarily developed for smallpox, were available due to prior global preparedness efforts.
- These countermeasures, however, were not specifically designed, evaluated, or approved for mpox disease.
Discussion:
- The mpox outbreak necessitated a swift international scientific response.
- Translating existing knowledge on related orthopox viruses into actionable strategies for mpox was critical.
- The situation underscored the challenges in rapidly adapting medical countermeasures during emerging infectious disease events.
Key Insights:
- Decades of preparedness for orthopox virus infections provided a foundation for response.
- The mpox outbreak revealed gaps in specific mpox-targeted medical countermeasures.
- Rapid scientific collaboration was vital for adapting existing treatments.
Outlook:
- Future preparedness strategies should prioritize the development and approval of mpox-specific countermeasures.
- Continued investment in global surveillance and rapid response mechanisms is essential.
- Strengthening international scientific networks will enhance future pandemic preparedness.
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