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Low- and high-load resistance training exercise to volitional fatigue generate exercise-induced appetite suppression
Seth F McCarthy1, Derek P D Bornath1, Daniel Grisebach1
1Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Appetite
|February 28, 2024
Summary
Resistance training (RT) to volitional fatigue, at both low and high loads, suppresses appetite and alters acylated ghrelin levels. However, effects on other appetite hormones and daily energy intake were minimal.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Endocrinology
- Sports Science
Background:
- Appetite regulation research often overlooks resistance training (RT).
- Previous studies primarily compared matched exercise volumes, not varying intensities to volitional fatigue.
- Understanding RT's impact on appetite hormones is crucial for exercise prescription.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effects of low-load (30% 1-RM) versus high-load (90% 1-RM) resistance training to volitional fatigue on appetite regulation.
- To investigate changes in appetite-regulating hormones and subjective appetite perceptions following different RT intensities.
- To assess the impact of RT on free-living energy intake.
Main Methods:
- Eleven resistance-trained males participated in a crossover design with three conditions: control, 30% 1-RM RT, and 90% 1-RM RT.
- RT sessions involved 3 sets of 5 exercises to volitional fatigue.
- Measurements included acylated ghrelin, GLP-1, PYY, lactate, appetite perceptions, and daily energy intake.
Main Results:
- Both 30% and 90% 1-RM RT elevated lactate and suppressed acylated ghrelin compared to control.
- Acylated ghrelin suppression was greater following 30% 1-RM RT at 60 minutes post-exercise.
- Appetite was suppressed immediately post-exercise for both RT conditions, with no significant differences in PYY or overall daily energy intake.
Conclusions:
- Resistance training to volitional fatigue, regardless of load, induces appetite suppression linked to acylated ghrelin changes.
- Limited effects were observed on anorexigenic hormones like GLP-1 and PYY.
- The study suggests that RT's impact on free-living energy intake may be minimal despite acute appetite suppression.
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