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Insights into ocular syphilis in Nepal
Sadhana Sharma1, Ranju Kharel1, Sanket Parajuli2
1B.P. Koirala Lions Center for Ophthalmic Studies (BPKLCOS), Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
International Journal of STD & AIDS
|March 1, 2024
Summary
Ocular syphilis, a mimic of other eye conditions, requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. This study highlights its varied presentations and effective management with antibiotics, improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Ocular syphilis, often termed 'the great masquerader,' presents diverse clinical manifestations.
- Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for preventing vision loss.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the demographics, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of ocular syphilis in Nepal.
- To emphasize the importance of considering ocular syphilis in differential diagnoses.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 10 patients (15 eyes) with ocular syphilis from 2020-2022.
- Diagnostic criteria included positive serological tests for syphilis.
- Treatment success defined by resolution of ocular inflammation and decreased VDRL titers.
Main Results:
- Syphilitic uveitis was the primary diagnosis in 90% of patients.
- Panuveitis was the most common ocular finding.
- Most patients improved with systemic antibiotic therapy, including benzathine penicillin G or ceftriaxone.
Conclusions:
- Ocular syphilis presents with varied clinical features and should be considered in all cases of unexplained ocular inflammation.
- Prompt diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment lead to favorable outcomes.
